Fingerprinting Basics
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Type
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Description
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Fragmentation
methods
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The DNA molecules of a sample are broken into pieces
(fragments) at certain locations.
An example for a fragmentation analysis is the restriction
fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. This method
breaks the original DNA sample, e.g. an PCR-amplified gene
sequence, at restriction enzyme recognition sites into pieces.
A modification of the original RFLP technique is the terminal
restriction fragment polymorphism (tRFLP).
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Synthesis methods
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The fragments are generated by synthesizing DNA fragments.
This is usually done by PCR-related methods.
The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method uses
the synthesis approach by amplifying DNA stretches that lie
between the same two known sequence motifs (= random
priming sites). Other synthesis methods are microsatellite and
minisatellite analysis.
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Mixed methods
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The amplification fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
method uses restriction enzymes for fragmentation of whole
genomic DNA and afterwards PCR-amplification steps to
synthesize a subset of the generated fragments.
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